USA
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 was signed into law by President George H.W. Bush on July 26, 1990. The law provides a broad array of civil rights protections for people with disabilities, including prohibitions against employment discrimination and mandates to make public accommodations accessible.
Source: https://lawlibguides.sandiego.edu/ada_history
Canada
We don’t have an inclusive society because of deep-rooted fears about those who are “different.” We also tend to have erroneous beliefs that accommodation is expensive when, in fact, the biggest economic and social cost comes from excluding people from participating in society to the full scope of their abilities.
Change has happened in Canada ….
It’s well past time for a Canadians with Disabilities Act
ANDRÉ PICARD
The Globe and Mail
Published Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2015, 3:00 AM EDT
Last updated Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2015, 7:32 AM EDT
On June 22, 2023, the Canada Disability Benefits Act received Royal Assent. This benefit will help reduce poverty among working-age Canadians with disabilities.
Source: https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/disabilities-benefits.html
Barrier-Free Canada states:
“The Canadians with Disabilities Act must be more than mere window-dressing. It should contribute meaningfully to the improvement of the position of persons with disabilities in Canada. It must have real force, effect, and teeth.”
There are roughly four million Canadians now living with a physical, psychiatric, or developmental disability. That number is expected to rise to about nine million by 2030. ( Aging – not injury or genetics – is the principal cause of disability.)
The barriers people with disabilities face are many: physical, legal, bureaucratic, communication, technological, and, above all, attitudinal.
We don’t have an inclusive society because of deep-rooted fears about those who are different.
International Research Teaching Forests Incorporated is planning the Glendale Forest venue to become an exclusively designed First- of-Its- kind Accessible Forest – a place for education, mentorship opportunities, recreation, and furthering well-being -to serve as a dedicated Global Ability Tourist Destination for Unama’ki Cape Breton Island.
“Accessible Forests for All” TM aspires to create an inclusive environmental venue and workspace that does not view accessibility as an add-on but rather an ongoing act of integrative planning. We are sourcing expertise to assist in developing a “forest place” for family recreation and learning. We want to discover together how to fill a need within the community to bring the benefits of forest to assist in greater learning. Through our incorporation’s applied research activity we are looking out to the world to see what innovations have been successfully used to advance these objectives – looking at both the challenges and successes of these endeavors in various international forest communities.
International Research Teaching Forests Incorporated aspires to link in with ongoing research and bring elements of existing research and/or entire research projects to Glendale, Nova Scotia Canada’s Field Station. This work can coordinate with the desired recommendations of Dalhousie research/the MacEachen Institute for Public Policy and Governance on the topic of Accessible Tourism which seeks to have an on- the-ground hub to pilot specific positive researched outcome findings.
More information on that research work can be found on the site:
https://www.dal.ca/dept/maceachen-institute/research/AccessibleTourism.html
Some of the following resources have been referenced for planning considerations. We look forward to discussing and planning with other interested businesses, individuals, and groups who have an interest in this business project. Reach out to us with your ideas!
Elements of Accessibility
The Research Teaching Forest in Glendale, Nova Scotia Canada
Who Would an Accessible Forest Serve?
Around 15 percent of the world’s population, or estimated 1 billion people, live with disabilities. They are the world’s largest minority. This figure is increasing through population growth, medical advances, and the aging process, says the World Health Organization.
From 2017 to 2023 the disability rate rose in all provinces and most of the territories.
In 2022, 27% of Canadians aged 15 and older, or 8.0 million people had at least one disability. This represents an increase of 4.7 percentage points from 2017.
Source: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/o1/en/plus/5980-disability-rate-canada-increased-2022
In 2022 close to 30% of the population is over the age of 65. There are approximately 200,00 people in Atlantic Canada with various disabilities according to Statistics Canada 2022. This contributes to the rising trend for interest in accessible built environments, outdoor spaces, emergency measures and egress (exit), wayfinding and signage, plain language, employment information and communication technologies, products, and services – including tourist venues. Canada has targets set for accessibility. The Accessible Canada Act (ACA) was passed in 2019 and aims to achieve a barrier-free Canada by 2040.
In addition to visitors from Atlantic Canada, and Canada, there is a growing need for accessibility around the world. An accessible Teaching Forest is unique when designed from the onset specifically to be inclusive.
Considering Various Forms of Disabilities when Planning an Accessible Facility
There are various forms of disability to consider when planning an accessible facility.
Physical disabilities: these are disabilities that affect the body’s ability to move or perform physical tasks, such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, amputations, and muscular dystrophy.
Sensory disabilities: these are disabilities that affect the ability to perceive the world through the senses, such as blindness, deafness, and hearing impairment.
Intellectual disabilities: these are disabilities that affect cognitive abilities, such as learning disabilities, Down syndrome, and intellectual development mental disorders.
Psychiatric disabilities: these are disabilities that affect mental health, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression.
Neurological disabilities: these are disabilities that affect the nervous system, such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s.
Chronic health conditions: these are conditions that affect a person’s health over an extended period, such as diabetes, asthma, and chronic pain.
Developmental disabilities: these are disabilities that affect a person’s development, such as autism spectrum disorder and fetal alcohol.
Invisible disabilities: these are disabilities that are not immediately apparent, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, dyslexia, and some mental health conditions.
Disabilities can vary greatly, and not all disabilities fit directly into these categories.
People with disabilities may have multiple disabilities or experience disability differently, depending on the context.
A Successful Model from Australia Very Worthy of Emulation
Designing for People with Physical Disabilities
Designing for people with physical disabilities requires careful consideration of several key factors, including:
Accessibility: Ensure that the design is accessible to people with physical disabilities by providing features such as ramps, wide doorways, and elevators. This ensures that people with mobility issues can easily access the space.
Comfort: Ensure that the design provides comfort to people with physical disabilities. This can include features such as adjustable seating, backrests, and armrests. Comfortable seating is particularly important for people who use wheelchairs.
Safety: Ensure that the design is safe for people with physical disabilities. This can include features such as non-slip flooring,
handrails, and grab bars. It’s also important to ensure that there are no tripping hazards and that the space is well-lit.
Ease of Use: Ensure that the design is easy-to-use for people with physical disabilities. This can include features such as large buttons, easy-to-read signage, and clear pathways.
Flexibility: Ensure that the design is flexible and adaptable to different needs. For example, a space that can be reconfigured easily to accommodate different numbers of people or different types of events is beneficial for people with physical disabilities.
Important Considerations for Accessibility Planning in the Outdoors
When planning an outdoor teaching venue, it is essential to consider accessibility factors to ensure that all students can fully participate and benefit from the learning experience.
Some important accessibility factors to consider:
Terrain: The terrain of the outdoor space should be even and free of obstacles such as rocks, roots, or uneven pavement. A smooth, level surface will make it easier for students with mobility impairments to navigate the space.
Pathways: Accessible pathways should be wide enough to accommodate mobility devices such as wheelchairs or scooters. The pathway surface should be slip-resistant, stable, and level.
Seating: Seating should be provided that is comfortable, stable, and accessible for students with mobility impairments. It should also be arranged in a way that allows for clear lines of sight and easy access to the teacher and learning subject.
Lighting: Adequate lighting is crucial to ensure that all students can see and participate in the learning activities. If the outdoor space will be used during the evening, consider providing additional lighting or installing solar-powered lights along the pathways.
Temperature: The outdoor space should be equipped with shade structures or umbrellas to provide relief from the sun’s heat. In colder weather, consider providing blankets or portable heaters to keep students comfortable.
Restrooms: Accessible restrooms should be available nearby or within a reasonable distance from the outdoor teaching.
Communication:Consider providing assistive devices or technologies to aid communication for students with hearing impairments or visual aids for those with visual impairments.
For additional detailed information on design guidelines for Accessible Outdoor Recreation Facilities https://sci-bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/parks-canada-design-guidelines-for-accessible-outdoor-recreation-facilities.pdf
Products Available to Increase Accessibility and Safety for Individuals with Disabilities in Outdoor Activities
1. All-terrain wheelchairs: These are designed to navigate rugged terrain, such as hiking trails and beaches. They usually have large, inflatable tires and sturdy frames, or tracks that can handle uneven surfaces. Examples include the TerrainHopper and the Action
2. Trackchair Handcycles: These are specialized bicycles that are powered by the arms rather than the legs. They are ideal for people with lower limb disabilities who still want to enjoy cycling. Examples include the Top End Force and the Invacare Top End Excelerator
3. Trail Ramps: These portable ramps can be used to bridge gaps and steps on hiking trails, making them more accessible to wheelchair users. Examples include the TrailRider and the Roll a Ramp.
4. Adaptive sports equipment: Many sports that have adapted equipment to enable people with disabilities to participate. Examples include sit skiing for skiing, adaptive kayaks for kayaking, and hand-cranked bicycles for cycling.
5. Mobility aids: Walking sticks, trekking poles, and hiking poles can provide stability and support for people with mobility impairments. There are also off-road mobility scooters available that can handle rough terrain.
6. Accessible campsites and cabins: Many parks and campgrounds now offer accessible accommodations, such as cabins with wheelchair ramps and accessible bathrooms.
7. GPS devices: These can help people with visual impairments navigate hiking trails by providing audio cues and directions.
Some Additional Accessibility References
Organizations that Promote Access for People with Disabilities
In Canada, there are several organizations that promote access for people with disabilities. Some of the main ones include:
1. Council of Canadians with Disabilities (CCD): CCD is a national human rights organization representing people with disabilities in Canada. They advocate for the rights of people with disabilities and work towards creating a barrier-free and inclusive society.
2. Disability Rights Promotion International (DRPI): DRPI is a global initiative that promotes disability rights and the full participation of people with disabilities in society. The Canadian arm of DRPI is based at York University and focuses on monitoring and promoting the rights of people with disabilities in Canada.
3. Canadian Association for Community Living (CACL): CACL is a national organization that advocates for the rights of people with intellectual disabilities and their families. They work to promote inclusion, independence, and full participation in society for people with intellectual disabilities.
4. Canadian Hearing Society (CHS): CHS is a non-profit organization that provides services and support to people who are Deaf or hard of hearing. They work to promote communication access, education, and advocacy for people who are Deaf or hard of hearing.
5. March of Dimes Canada: March of Dimes Canada is a non-profit organization that provides services and support to people with disabilities. They work to promote independence, community participation, and wellness for people with disabilities.
Several Firms in Canada that Specialize in Outdoor Disability Design
1. Accessible Daily Living (ADL) Solutions: Based in Toronto, ADL Solutions is a design and build firm that specializes in creating accessible outdoor spaces for people with disabilities. They offer a wide range of services, including wheelchair ramps, porch lifts, and accessible landscaping.
2. Accessible Design for the Blind: Based in Ottawa, Accessible Design for the Blind is a firm that specializes in creating outdoor spaces that are safe and accessible for people who are blind or visually impaired. They offer a variety of services, including tactile maps, audible pedestrian signals, and braille signage.
3. Barrier-Free Design: Based in Vancouver, Barrier-Free Design is a consulting firm that specializes in creating barrier-free environments for people with disabilities. They offer a variety of services, including accessibility audits, site analysis, and design recommendations.
4. March of Dimes Canada: March of Dimes Canada is a national charitable organization that offers a range of services for people with disabilities, including outdoor design and construction. They have offices in several cities across Canada, including Toronto, Ottawa, and Vancouver.
5. AODA Compliance Solutions: Based in Mississauga, AODA Compliance Solutions is a consulting firm that specializes in helping businesses and organizations comply with the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA). They offer a variety of services, including accessibility audits and design recommendations.
Accessibility Through the Forest
In the interest of International Research Teaching Forests Incorporated’s goal to become all- inclusive in the Forest Activities planned for:
- Children
- Youth
- Young and Elderly People
- Challenged people (Physically and/or Mentally)
- Families as a whole
- Students (National and International)
- Businesses
- Educational Facilities
- Interest Groups
- Associations and Non-Profits
It is a necessity to review new technologies and modes of transportation applicable to a Forest environment.
The goal to also create opportunity and inclusion and offer vocational career options for people with disabilities is ambitious and will require collaboration from many stakeholders.
The Americans with Disabilities Act defines disabilities as any physical or mental impairment substantially limiting one or more major life activities. Individuals with disabilities need not be limited thanks to the wide range of assistive technologies and adaptive tools that can help in educational and workplace settings.
Physical disabilities impair a person’s mobility or dexterity and can range from congenital defects or neuromuscular disease to loss of limb (s) or other injury causing loss of mobility. The 2010 U.S. Census reported 41.5 million adults with disabilities that involve physical impairments.
According to Stats Canada 2012 :
Upwards of 4.4 million Canadians are living with disabilities.
3.8 million Canadian adults representing approx. 14% of the adult population and
.6 million Canadian children 2.3% of the child population.
Source: Stats Canada 2012.
The New Data on Disability in Canada in 2022:
It is recorded that 27 percent of Canadians aged 15 or older, or 8 million people, had at least one disability. This represents an increase of 4.7 percentage points from 2017.
Source: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-627-m/11-627-m2023063-eng.htm
It becomes a necessity to prepare for future rising numbers when considering serving people with disabilities. The need is becoming greater for accommodations and new places that can be used for education and provision of recreation for children and adults with physical and mental challenges.
These are excellent reasons to build on the work of generating an environment of inclusivity and ability.
International Research Teaching Forests is reaching out to those who may be in a position of planning, engineering, and project management to create this Teaching Forest Facility in Glendale.
Contact us to bring forward your expertise and ideas toward moving forward with these objectives.
Online Resources Available to Locate Accessible Tourist Venues in Canada
,,,Accessible Canada: The Government of Canada’s Accessible Canada website offers a comprehensive list of accessible tourist destinations across the
country. You can search for destinations by province or territory, and filter your results based on the type of activity you’ re interested in (e.g. museums,
parks, sports venues, etc.).
https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/accessible-canada.html
2. Barrier-Free Canada: Barrier-Free Canada is a non-profit organization that works to promote accessibility and inclusion for people with disabilities. Their website includes a directory of accessible tourist destinations in Canada, as well as, information on accessible transportation and accommodations.
https://barrierfreecanada.org/,
3. Tourism for All: Tourism for All is a website that provides information on accessible tourism in Canada and around the world. They offer a searchable database of accessible tourist destinations, as well as, resources for accessible travel planning.
https://tourism-for-all.com/en/home/
4. Easter Seals Canada: Easter Seals Canada is a national charity that provides services and programs for people with disabilities. Their website includes a directory of accessible tourist destinations in Canada, as well as, information on accessible transportation and accommodations.
Electric All-Terrain Accessibility Through the Forest
Accessibility is important to the work towards furthering Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion (DEI) . International Research Teaching Forest aims to be inclusive through working toward the development of an onsite woodlands equipment rental service providing equipment, such as Action Trackchairs and other key pieces identified as produced by ability manufacturers.
Several Parks in Canada are Designed Exclusively for People with Physical Challenges such as:
1.Variety Village Toronto, Ontario: Variety Village is a fully accessible recreational facility that provides a range of programs and services for people with disabilities. It features a fully accessible playground, an indoor pool, a fitness center, and sports fields.
2. Easter Seals Camp Horizon Bragg Creek, Alberta: Easter Seals Camp Horizon is a summer camp for children and adults with disabilities. The camp features accessible hiking trails, a swimming pool, an indoor climbing wall, and an accessible ropes course.
3. Wascana Centre Regina, Saskatchewan: Wascana Centre is a park that offers accessible trails, picnic areas, and fishing docks for people with disabilities. It also has a fully accessible playground and a sensory garden.
4. Maple Grove Oakville, Ontario: Maple Grove is a fully accessible park that features a wheelchair-accessible treehouse, sensory garden, and playground. It also has a paved trail that is suitable for wheelchairs and strollers.
5. White Rock Beach White Rock, British Columbia: White Rock Beach is a wheelchair-accessible beach that features accessible washrooms and showers, as well as a wheelchair- accessible boardwalk.
Atlantic Canadian Specialized Camps for Children with Challenges
1. Brigadoon Village- Located in Aylesford, Nova Scotia, Brigadoon Village is a year-round facility that offers programs for children and youth with chronic illnesses and other challenges. It is one of the largest pediatric medical camps in Canada. To learn more about this facility and offer your support visit https://brigadoonvillage.org/camps/
2. Easter Seals Nova Scotia operates a fully accessible summer camp for children and youth with disabilities in Nova Scotia just 27 km from the New Brunswick border. To learn more about this camp and offer your support visit https://www.camptidnish.org/what-we-do
3. Camp Rotary is a fully accessible summer camp located in Fredericton, New Brunswick, that offers programs for children and youth with disabilities. To learn more about this camp and offer your support visit https://camprotary.ca/index.php/en-2016/page/what-we-do
4. Camp Gencheff, located on Prince Edward Island, is a summer camp that offers a program specifically designed for children and youth with disabilities. To learn more about this camp and offer your support visit https://www.campgencheff.com/
International Research Teaching Forests Incorporated’s future planning – an Ability Train through the Maple Forest for those who would otherwise not have the opportunity to experience the joy of journeying through the trees.
Funding Mechanisms for Accessibility Parks
Several funders in Canada that support accessibility parks. The Government of Canada’s Enabling Accessibility Fund provides funding for projects that improve accessibility for people with disabilities, including parks and recreational facilities.
1. The Rick Hansen Foundation provides grants for projects that improve accessibility and remove barriers for people with disabilities, including parks and outdoor recreational spaces.
2. The Ontario Trillium Foundation provides funding for community projects, including those that improve accessibility and promote inclusion in parks and other public spaces.
3. The Vancouver Foundation provides grants for community projects that promote accessibility,
including parks and outdoor recreational spaces.
4. The Calgary Foundation provides funding for projects that enhance community spaces,
including parks, and that promote accessibility and inclusivity.
Atlantic Canada Accessibility Funders
1. The Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA): ACOA provides funding for various projects, including those related to accessibility. They have a Community Development Program that supports community infrastructure projects, including those that improve accessibility.
2. The Government of Nova Scotia: The government of Nova Scotia has several programs that support accessibility projects, including the Accessibility Supports Program, which provides funding for projects that improve accessibility for persons with disabilities.
3. The New Brunswick Department of Social Development: The Department of Social Development in New Brunswick provides funding for projects that improve accessibility and inclusion for persons with disabilities through their Disability Supports Program.
4. The Prince Edward Island Council of People with Disabilities: The Council of People with Disabilities in Prince Edward Island provides funding for
projects that promote accessibility and inclusion for persons with disabilities. They have a grant program called the Inclusive Communities Grant.
5. The Canadian Red Cross provides funding for projects that support persons with disabilities and improve their quality of life. They have a Community Support, multiculturalism, and Anti Racism Initiatives Program that funds projects related to accessibility.